AGA Clinical Practice Update on Endoscopic Surveillance and Management of Colorectal Dysplasia in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Expert Review Sanjay K. Murthy et al. Improvements in disease management, as well as endoscopic technology and quality, have dramatically changed the way in which we conceptualize and manage inflammatory bowel disease–related dysplasia over the past 20 years. Based…
The number needed to treat for net effect (NNTnet) as a metric for measuring combined benefits and harms Guowei Lia et al. Abstract Calculating the number needed to treat (NNT) has been widely used to help understand treatment effect results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Combined benefit and harm profiles from RCT results have to…
Systematic review with meta-analysis: The effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and anti-platelet therapy on the incidence and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma Regina Zi Hwei Ta et al. Background: Chemoprevention with NSAIDs, including aspirin, and anti-platelet therapy (APT), has been suggested to reduce the incidence and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Aim: To determine by meta-analysis whether NSAIDs…
Pancreatic Cancer A Review Wungki Park et al. IMPORTANCE Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a relatively uncommon cancer, with approximately 60 430 new diagnoses expected in 2021 in the US. The incidence of PDAC is increasing by 0.5% to 1.0% per year, and it is projected to become the second-leading cause of cancer-related mortality by…
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis Alessandro Mantovan et al. Summary Background Studies have reported a significant association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and increased incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the magnitude of the risk and whether this risk changes with…
Bayesian interpretation of p values in clinical trials John Ferguson Abstract Commonly accepted statistical advice dictates that large-sample size and highly powered clinical trials generate more reliable evidence than trials with smaller sample sizes. This advice is generally sound: treatment effect estimates from larger trials tend to be more accurate, as witnessed by tighter…