Updating guidance for reporting systematic reviews: development of the PRISMA 2020 statement Matthew J Page et al. Abstract Objectives To describe the processes used to update the PRISMA 2009 statement for reporting systematic reviews, present results of a survey conducted to inform the update, summarise decisions made at the PRISMA update meeting, and describe and…
Registered trials address questions already answered with high-certainty evidence: a sample of current redundant research. Laura Vergara Merino et al. Highlights Redundant trials exist despite previous findings of the same clinical question. Existing high certainty evidence may not be considered when planning new trials. Redundant trials should be avoided because of their ethical implications. ABSTRACT…
Review: Evidence-Based Management of Acute Heart Failure Arjun K. Gupta, et al. Abstract Acute heart failure (AHF) is a complex, heterogeneous clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mortality, incurring significant healthcare costs. Patients transition from home to the emergency department, the hospital and home again, and require decisions surrounding diagnosis, treatment and prognosis at each…
The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: From Motility to Mood Kara G. Margolis et al. Abstract The gut-brain axis plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis. Many intrinsic and extrinsic factors influence signaling along this axis, modulating the function of both the enteric and central nervous systems. More recently the role of the microbiome as an important factor…
The gut–brain axis in irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease. Angela Ancona et al. Introduction Gut microbiota (GM) has a critical role on host health accounting for bacteria, virus, archea, fungi, yeasts, parasite and phages [1]. Over the last twenty years, the research on gut microbiota has focused on bacterial components [2]. The majority…
Comparative Effectiveness and Harms of Antibiotics for Outpatient Diverticulitis, Two Nationwide Cohort Studies Charles E. Gaber et al. ABSTRACT Background: Outpatient diverticulitis is commonly treated with either a combination of metronidazole and a fluoroquinolone (metronidazole-with-fluoroquinolone) or amoxicillin– clavulanate alone. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration advised that fluoroquinolones be reserved for conditions with no alternative…